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How deep are water wells in Canyon, Texas?

Home water wells in and around Canyon, Texas are typically 290 to 480 feet deep (median 304 ft, 987 wells drilled in the last 10 years). Most end at or just below the base of the Ogallala, in the top of the Dockum (76%), and 24% draw from the Ogallala Aquifer, according to the state's High Plains Aquifer System model (TWDB). New wells run about 11% deeper than 20 years ago (median 280 ft in 2003 to 2007, 310 ft in 2021 to 2025). Estimated cost of a complete well at the median depth: $10,000 to $24,500.

Updated every day from Texas Water Development Board driller reports. Last update: November 11, 2026, using the state file of November 10, 2026.

See the wells and layers at an exact pointRandall County
What is under Canyon, TexasUnderground column at the center of Canyon: median well 304 ft, middle half 290 to 480 ft, water at 220 ft, and the layers of the state's model with their thickness.Ogallala: 0 to 131 ftOgallalaDockum: 131 to 607 ftDockumcontinues to 607 ft0200400600ftGround level · 3,543 ft above sea levelMedian well: 304 ftWater standing in the well from 220 ftWater level220 ftMedian well304 ftMiddle half290–480 ft

Under Canyon, Randall County

Layers at the center of Canyon from TWDB's High Plains Aquifer System model (half mile cells, read here on a grid of about 1.2 by 1.4 miles), at true depth scale. The well and the water are the median of 987 real wells.

Home wells in and around Canyon

Each dot is a home well from a state driller report, colored by depth. Tap one for its details and official report. Tap an empty spot to see what is under that point.

See underground

Well depth (ft)

  • <100
  • 100
  • 200
  • 300
  • 400
  • 600
  • 800+

Dashed line: Canyon and about 2 miles around it

Key figures

Typical depth (middle half)
290 to 480 feet
Median depth
304 feet
Deepest 10% are past
521 feet
Water level (median)
220 feet
862 wells
Yield (median)
16 gpm
481 wells, gallons per minute
Wells used
987
In the last 10 years
Inside the city limits
36
the rest within 2 miles
All years on file
1,754
median 300 ft, since 2002
Confidence
Standard (30 or more wells)

When the wells were finished, the water stood a median 220 feet below the surface (862 wells).

What is under Canyon, TexasUnderground column at the center of Canyon: median well 304 ft, middle half 290 to 480 ft, water at 220 ft, and the layers of the state's model with their thickness.Ogallala: 0 to 131 ftOgallalaDockum: 131 to 607 ftDockumcontinues to 607 ft0200400600ftGround level · 3,543 ft above sea levelMedian well: 304 ftWater standing in the well from 220 ftWater level220 ftMedian well304 ftMiddle half290–480 ft
Layers at the center of Canyon from TWDB's High Plains Aquifer System model (half mile cells, read here on a grid of about 1.2 by 1.4 miles), at true depth scale. The well and the water are the median of 987 real wells.

Which formation do wells in Canyon draw from?

Most end at or just below the base of the Ogallala, in the top of the Dockum (76%), and 24% draw from the Ogallala Aquifer, according to the state's High Plains Aquifer System model (TWDB). Read that as the base of the Ogallala or the top of the Dockum, not a certainty: where our method names the Dockum, the state's own record agrees only about 33% of the time (61% for wells with a screened interval), and most of the others are recorded as Ogallala wells.

Going by the bottom of the hole instead of where the water enters, 92% end at or just below the base of the Ogallala, in the top of the Dockum.

Layer (state's model)ShareWellsTypical depth (ft)
Dockumat or just below the base of the Ogallala76%746300–490
Ogallala24%241195–290

For 99% of these wells the report says where the water enters (the screen or the open hole), and we use the middle of that interval.

The layers under the center of Canyon

From the state's model, at 3,543 feet above sea level. These are the model's depths at that one point, not those of any particular lot.

Depths in feet below ground.
Layer (state's model)Top (ft)Bottom (ft)Thickness (ft)
Ogallalasand, gravel, silt and caliche0131131
Dockumred mudstone, sandstone and conglomerate131607477

Depth over time

New home wells in and around Canyon are deeper than 20 years ago: the median went from 280 feet (2003 to 2007) to 310 feet (2021 to 2025), 11% more. Deeper wells do not always mean the water dropped: a driller may be going for another layer, better water or more reserve.

PeriodMedian depth (ft)Wells
2001–2005285242
2006–2010275306
2011–2015291156
2016–2020300522
2021–2025310479
202650049

What a well costs in Canyon

At the median depth for Canyon (304 feet), a complete home well would cost roughly $10,000 to $24,500: $25 to $60 per foot for drilling, casing and seal, plus $2,500 to $6,500 for the pump, pressure tank, controls and hookup at the well. Across the whole middle half of depths (290 to 480 feet) the range runs from $10,000 to $35,500. This is TerraFunded's estimate from published Texas prices, not a quote, and it leaves out trenching and the line to the house. Get prices from at least two licensed drillers.

Where it sits

Nearby places

Median depth of home wells in each place.

All Texas cities and towns

Common questions

How deep do you have to drill a well in Canyon, Texas?

Home water wells in and around Canyon, Texas are typically 290 to 480 feet deep (median 304 ft, 987 wells drilled in the last 10 years). One in ten goes past 521 feet. The depth a given tract needs depends on where it sits and what layers the driller hits.

What aquifer or formation do wells in Canyon draw from?

Most end at or just below the base of the Ogallala, in the top of the Dockum (76%), and 24% draw from the Ogallala Aquifer, according to the state's High Plains Aquifer System model (TWDB). Read that as the base of the Ogallala or the top of the Dockum, not a certainty: where our method names the Dockum, the state's own record agrees only about 33% of the time (61% for wells with a screened interval), and most of the others are recorded as Ogallala wells. This is an estimate from the state's regional model, not a survey of the lot.

How much does a water well cost in Canyon?

At the median depth (304 feet), a complete well would cost roughly $10,000 to $24,500, by TerraFunded's estimate from published Texas driller prices. The real price comes from a licensed driller's quote.

How deep is the water in Canyon?

When the wells were finished, the water stood a median 220 feet below the surface (862 wells). The level moves with drought and from one well to the next.

Do I need a permit to drill a well in Canyon?

Canyon is inside the High Plains Underground Water Conservation District No. 1. Groundwater conservation districts in Texas can require registering or permitting a new well, keeping set distances from property lines and other wells, and paying fees. Rules differ from district to district: ask the district before drilling.

How these numbers are made

We count new and replacement domestic (home) wells whose coordinates fall inside the place boundary or within 2 miles of it. We use the last 10 years when there are at least 30 wells; otherwise all since 2001. The median is the middle well and the middle half runs from the 25th to the 75th percentile.

To tell which layer a well draws from, we take the ground elevation at its location, subtract the depth of the interval where water enters (or the bottom of the hole when the report does not give one) and see which layer of the state's model that point falls in.

For 99% of these wells the report says where the water enters (the screen or the open hole), and we use the middle of that interval.

How well it works: In 22,814 wells in the Texas part of the state's High Plains Aquifer System model (the Panhandle, the South Plains and the Permian Basin) where the State of Texas recorded the aquifer, the formation our method says the well draws from (as grouped on these pages) is the one the state recorded in about 75% of them; when it names the Dockum (4,542 wells), the state's record agrees only about 33% of the time, and most of the others are recorded as Ogallala wells.

  • The layers come from the Texas Water Development Board's High Plains Aquifer System model, with half mile cells, read here on a grid of about 1.2 by 1.4 miles. It is a regional model, not a survey of any lot.
  • The state's model has half mile cells; we read it on a grid of about 1.2 by 1.4 miles, Texas part only. Layers from version 1.01 (2015); the 2025 extension (1.02) did not change them. It is not a survey of any lot, so we give ranges.
  • Figures go by four groups: Ogallala; Pecos Valley; Edwards-Trinity and Rita Blanca (Cretaceous rock under the Ogallala; the Rita Blanca alone matched the state 19%); Dockum (upper and lower together: the state's codes almost never say which). The Edwards-Trinity group joins three aquifers in different places (High Plains around Lubbock, Plateau around Midland and Odessa, Rita Blanca in Dallam and Hartley): county and place pages name the local one where they can.
  • Dockum: when our method names the Dockum, the state's record agrees only 33% of the time over all years (61% for wells with a screened interval, which is 93% of home wells of the last 10 years); most of the rest are recorded as Ogallala wells. The median well we put in the Dockum ends about 18 ft under the base of the Ogallala as the model draws it. So these pages say "at or just below the base of the Ogallala, in the top of the Dockum", never a certain formation. The state's own 2025 report on this model says depth alone overstates the upper Dockum.
  • "Near or below the base" means the well ends near or below the base of the Dockum, or of the Ogallala where there is no Dockum (Permian red beds; Gray, Carson, Donley, Moore and north Potter counties). Half of these wells end within about 51 ft of the base, and the state usually records them as Ogallala or Dockum wells. That is not an error: the model simply ends there.
  • For old wells without a screened interval (bottom of the hole) the method is only a little better than always saying Ogallala (65% against 58%); with an interval it is 89% against 80%. Figures over all years carry that weakness; last 10 years figures rest almost entirely on intervals.
  • We never use the model's water levels. The water level on this page is the one each driller measured when the well was finished.

These are depths of real wells drilled nearby, not a promise about any property. Groundwater can change over short distances and with drought. A licensed water well driller can tell you what to expect on a specific tract.

Read the full methodology · Download the data (CSV, CC BY 4.0)

How to cite

TerraFunded (2026). Texas Well Atlas: Underground. From Texas Water Development Board driller reports and groundwater availability models (data as of November 10, 2026). https://terrafunded.com/wells/places/canyon-tx. License CC BY 4.0. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24126380.

Sources